Here is everything you need to know about the Tunnel Hill State Trail:
- Trail System: National Recreation Trail
- State: Illinois
- Length: 47.5 miles.
- Type: Biking
- Surface: paved
- Managed By: Illinois Department of Natural Resources
- Permit Required?: No
- Website: https://www.dnr.illinois.gov/Parks/Pages/TunnelHill.aspx
The Tunnel Hill State Trail, located in southern Illinois, holds a significant historical background that dates back to the mid-19th century. Originally known as the Cairo and Vincennes Railroad, this railway line was constructed in the 1850s to connect the towns of Cairo, Illinois, and Vincennes, Indiana. The railroad played a crucial role in the transportation of goods and people, serving as a vital link between the Ohio River and the Great Lakes.
One of the most notable features of the Tunnel Hill State Trail is the series of tunnels that were constructed along the railway line. These tunnels were necessary to navigate the hilly terrain of southern Illinois, allowing trains to pass through the rugged Shawnee Hills. The most famous tunnel along the trail is the Tunnel Hill, which stretches for approximately 543 feet. Built in 1856, this tunnel was an engineering marvel of its time, carved through solid limestone by hand labor.
During the Civil War, the Tunnel Hill State Trail played a significant role in military operations. In 1861, Union forces occupied the railway line to prevent Confederate troops from using it as a supply route. The strategic importance of the railway led to several skirmishes and battles in the area, including the Battle of Tunnel Hill in 1864. Today, visitors can explore the trail and imagine the historical significance it held during this tumultuous period in American history.
In the late 20th century, the decline of rail transportation led to the abandonment of the Cairo and Vincennes Railroad. However, in the 1990s, the Illinois Department of Natural Resources converted the railway line into a recreational trail, preserving its historical significance. The Tunnel Hill State Trail now spans approximately 45 miles, offering visitors the opportunity to hike, bike, or horseback ride through the scenic Shawnee National Forest. As visitors traverse the trail, they can still witness remnants of the railway’s past, including the tunnels, trestles, and other historical artifacts that serve as a reminder of the area’s rich history.
While On The Trail
Access Points
1. Harrisburg Trailhead: Located in Harrisburg, Illinois, this trailhead is the starting point for the Tunnel Hill State Trail. It offers parking facilities and restrooms.
2. Eldorado Trailhead: Situated in Eldorado, Illinois, this trailhead provides parking facilities and restrooms. It is a popular access point for the Tunnel Hill State Trail.
3. Vienna Trailhead: Located in Vienna, Illinois, this trailhead offers parking facilities and restrooms. It is another major access point for the Tunnel Hill State Trail.
4. Tunnel Hill Trailhead: Situated near the Tunnel Hill State Trail’s namesake tunnel, this trailhead provides parking facilities and restrooms. It is a significant access point for visitors wanting to explore the tunnel and its surroundings.
5. Karnak Trailhead: Located in Karnak, Illinois, this trailhead offers parking facilities and restrooms. It is a popular access point for the southern section of the Tunnel Hill State Trail.
6. Cache River Nature Preserve Trailhead: Situated near the Cache River Nature Preserve, this trailhead provides parking facilities and restrooms. It is a major access point for visitors interested in exploring the natural beauty of the area.
7. Ullin Trailhead: Located in Ullin, Illinois, this trailhead offers parking facilities and restrooms. It is another access point for the southern section of the Tunnel Hill State Trail.
8. Pulleys Mill Trailhead: Situated near Pulleys Mill, Illinois, this trailhead provides parking facilities and restrooms. It is a significant access point for visitors wanting to explore the trail’s southern section.
These are some of the major access points or trailheads along the Tunnel Hill State Trail. There may be additional smaller access points or trailheads along the trail as well.
Transportation Available
1. Tunnel Hill Bike Rental – Offers bike rentals for exploring the Tunnel Hill State Trail.
2. Tunnel Hill Trolley – Provides trolley transportation services for visitors along the Tunnel Hill State Trail.
3. Tunnel Hill Shuttle – Offers shuttle services for hikers and bikers along the Tunnel Hill State Trail.
4. Tunnel Hill Taxi – Provides taxi services for transportation to and from the Tunnel Hill State Trail.
5. Tunnel Hill Pedicab – Offers pedicab services for a unique and eco-friendly transportation option along the Tunnel Hill State Trail.
Amenities
The amenities available at the Tunnel Hill State Trail include:
1. Restrooms: There are restroom facilities available at various points along the trail, including at the trailheads and some rest areas.
2. Parking: There are designated parking areas at the trailheads and other access points along the Tunnel Hill State Trail.
3. Camping Sites: The trail offers camping opportunities at designated campgrounds. These campgrounds usually have amenities such as fire pits, picnic tables, and access to water.
4. Picnic Areas: There are picnic areas with tables and benches located at various points along the trail. These areas provide a great spot for visitors to relax and enjoy a meal or snack.
5. Water Stations: There are water stations available at some trailheads and rest areas, allowing visitors to refill their water bottles.
6. Trailhead Facilities: The trailheads often have additional amenities such as information boards, maps, and sometimes even visitor centers or gift shops.
7. Bike Rentals: Some sections of the trail offer bike rental services, allowing visitors to explore the trail on two wheels.
8. Equestrian Facilities: The Tunnel Hill State Trail is also open to horseback riding, and there are equestrian facilities available, including hitching posts and watering stations for horses.
9. Interpretive Signs: Along the trail, you will find interpretive signs that provide information about the history, nature, and points of interest along the Tunnel Hill State Trail.
Please note that amenities may vary at different sections of the trail, so it is advisable to check with the official website or local authorities for specific details and updates.
Nearby Services
1. Tunnel Hill Inn – Cozy lodging option located near the trailhead, offering comfortable rooms and friendly service.
2. Vienna Diner – Quaint diner serving classic American comfort food, conveniently located near the trail.
3. Johnson County Ambulance Service – Emergency medical services available for any medical emergencies along the trail.
4. Vienna City Police Department – Local police department providing safety and security for visitors of the trail.
5. Vienna Fire Department – Emergency fire and rescue services available for any incidents along the trail.
6. Vienna Public Library – Nearby public library offering a quiet space and resources for visitors.
7. Vienna Post Office – Convenient postal services available for any mailing needs.
8. Vienna City Hall – Local government office providing information and assistance to visitors.
9. Vienna United Methodist Church – Nearby church offering spiritual support and services.
10. Vienna Family Pharmacy – Local pharmacy providing medication and healthcare products for any needs.
Tunnel Hill State Trail Difficulty Notes
The Tunnel Hill State Trail offers a moderate difficulty level for outdoor enthusiasts. Spanning over 45 miles, this scenic trail provides a mix of flat and gently rolling terrain, making it suitable for hikers, bikers, and runners of various skill levels. The crushed limestone surface offers a smooth and well-maintained path, ensuring a comfortable experience for users. While there are a few gradual inclines and declines along the trail, they are generally manageable for most individuals. Additionally, the trail features several historical landmarks, including the iconic Tunnel Hill, adding an extra element of interest and enjoyment to the overall experience.
Features And Attractions
1. Tunnel Hill: The trail gets its name from the Tunnel Hill, a 543-foot long tunnel that was once used by trains. It is a popular spot for visitors to explore and learn about the history of the area.
2. Vienna Depot: Located in Vienna, Illinois, the Vienna Depot is a historic train station that has been restored and now serves as a visitor center for the Tunnel Hill State Trail. It offers information about the trail and the surrounding area.
3. Cache River Wetlands: The trail passes through the Cache River Wetlands, a unique and diverse ecosystem known for its rich wildlife and scenic beauty. Visitors can enjoy birdwatching, hiking, and exploring the wetlands.
4. Stonefort: The trail passes near the town of Stonefort, which is known for its historic significance. Visitors can explore the Stonefort Archaeological Site, which contains the remains of a prehistoric Native American village.
5. Johnson Creek: The trail follows the path of Johnson Creek for a portion of its route. This scenic creek offers opportunities for fishing, picnicking, and enjoying the natural beauty of the area.
6. Eddyville: The trail passes through the small town of Eddyville, which is known for its charming atmosphere and historic buildings. Visitors can explore the town and learn about its history.
7. Lake of Egypt: The trail passes near the Lake of Egypt, a popular recreational area known for its fishing, boating, and swimming opportunities. Visitors can enjoy the scenic views of the lake as they bike or hike along the trail.
8. Ferne Clyffe State Park: Located near the trail, Ferne Clyffe State Park offers beautiful hiking trails, waterfalls, and scenic overlooks. It is a great place to take a break and enjoy the natural beauty of the area.
9. Goreville: The trail passes through the town of Goreville, which is known for its friendly atmosphere and historic downtown area. Visitors can explore the town and enjoy its shops, restaurants, and historic sites.
10. Tunnel Hill State Trail Interpretive Center: Located in Vienna, the Interpretive Center offers exhibits and displays about the history, geology, and natural features of the Tunnel Hill State Trail. It is a great place to learn more about the trail and the surrounding area.
Usage Guidelines
1. Pets are allowed on the Tunnel Hill State Trail but must be kept on a leash at all times.
2. Bicycles are allowed on the trail, but riders must yield to pedestrians and use caution.
3. Motorized vehicles, including ATVs and motorcycles, are not permitted on the trail.
4. Camping is not allowed on the trail or within the trail corridor.
5. Fires and open flames are prohibited on the trail.
6. Hunting and fishing are not permitted on the trail.
7. Littering is strictly prohibited. Please dispose of trash in designated receptacles.
8. The trail is open year-round, but certain sections may have seasonal restrictions or closures due to weather conditions or maintenance work.
Seasonal Information
The Tunnel Hill State Trail, located in southern Illinois, offers a picturesque and serene experience for outdoor enthusiasts. The best times of the year to visit this trail are during the spring and fall seasons. In the spring, the trail comes alive with vibrant wildflowers and lush greenery, creating a stunning backdrop for hikers, bikers, and nature lovers. The mild temperatures during this time make it ideal for outdoor activities, and visitors can enjoy the refreshing breeze as they explore the trail.
Similarly, the fall season is another fantastic time to visit the Tunnel Hill State Trail. The foliage transforms into a breathtaking display of reds, oranges, and yellows, providing a picturesque setting for a leisurely stroll or bike ride. The crisp air and cooler temperatures make it comfortable for outdoor activities, and visitors can revel in the beauty of nature as they traverse the trail.
It is important to note that the Tunnel Hill State Trail has seasonal closures during the winter months. Due to potential hazardous conditions caused by snow and ice, the trail is closed from December 1st to March 31st. During this time, it is not accessible to visitors, ensuring their safety. However, the closure period allows for necessary maintenance and upkeep of the trail, ensuring its quality for the rest of the year.
Overall, the best times to visit the Tunnel Hill State Trail are during the spring and fall seasons when the weather is mild, and the natural surroundings are at their most vibrant. While the trail is closed during the winter months, this temporary closure ensures the safety of visitors and allows for necessary maintenance to keep the trail in excellent condition. Whether you are an avid hiker, cyclist, or simply someone who appreciates the beauty of nature, the Tunnel Hill State Trail offers a memorable experience throughout the year.
Accessibility
1. Wheelchair Accessible Parking: Designated parking spaces close to the trail entrance for easy access.
2. Accessible Trail Entrance: A ramp or level surface at the trailhead to accommodate wheelchair users.
3. Paved Surface: The trail is paved, providing a smooth and accessible surface for wheelchair users.
4. Wide Pathways: The trail offers wide pathways to allow for easy maneuverability of wheelchairs.
5. Rest Areas with Benches: Regularly spaced benches along the trail for wheelchair users to rest and enjoy the surroundings.
6. Accessible Restrooms: Restrooms equipped with accessible features such as grab bars and wider doorways.
7. Accessible Picnic Areas: Picnic areas with accessible tables and seating options for wheelchair users.
8. Signage: Clear and visible signage along the trail, including accessible maps and directions.
9. Accessible Water Fountains: Water fountains at a suitable height for wheelchair users to access easily.
10. Assistance Animals Allowed: The trail permits the presence of service animals to assist individuals with disabilities.
11. Accessible Trailhead Facilities: Accessible facilities at the trailhead, including visitor centers or information kiosks.
12. Accessible Camping: Campgrounds with accessible campsites and facilities for individuals with disabilities.
13. Accessible Fishing Areas: Designated fishing spots with accessible features for wheelchair users.
14. Accessible Viewing Areas: Scenic viewpoints or overlooks with accessible features for wheelchair users to enjoy the scenery.
15. Accessible Interpretive Displays: Interpretive displays along the trail with accessible features, such as braille or tactile elements, for individuals with visual impairments.
16. Accessible Transportation: Accessible transportation options to and from the trail, such as accessible parking shuttles or public transportation services.
17. Accessible Lodging: Nearby lodging options with accessible rooms and facilities for individuals with disabilities.
18. Accessible Trail Events: Inclusive events organized on the trail that cater to individuals with disabilities and provide necessary accommodations.
19. Accessible Trail Programs: Programs or guided tours offered on the trail that are accessible and inclusive for individuals with disabilities.
20. Accessibility Information: Detailed accessibility information available online or at the trailhead, providing comprehensive guidance for individuals with disabilities.
Safety Information
When visiting the Tunnel Hill State Trail, it is important to keep the following safety information in mind:
1. Stay on designated trails: Stick to the marked paths and avoid venturing off into unmarked areas. This will help prevent accidents and ensure you don’t disturb the natural habitat.
2. Be aware of your surroundings: Stay alert and watch out for other trail users, including cyclists, joggers, and wildlife. Always yield to faster-moving users and be cautious when passing or being passed.
3. Carry essentials: Bring water, snacks, and any necessary medications with you. It’s also a good idea to have a map or GPS device to navigate the trail.
4. Dress appropriately: Wear comfortable clothing and sturdy shoes suitable for walking or cycling. Dress in layers to accommodate changing weather conditions, and consider wearing bright colors to enhance visibility.
5. Protect yourself from the sun: Apply sunscreen, wear a hat, and use sunglasses to shield yourself from harmful UV rays. It’s also advisable to bring insect repellent to ward off bugs.
6. Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water before, during, and after your visit to the trail. Dehydration can lead to fatigue and other health issues.
7. Use proper equipment: If cycling, ensure your bike is in good working condition and wear a helmet. If walking or jogging, use appropriate footwear and consider using trekking poles for stability.
8. Respect wildlife and nature: Do not disturb or feed wildlife, and avoid damaging plants or natural features. Leave no trace by carrying out any trash or waste you generate.
9. Be prepared for emergencies: Familiarize yourself with the trail’s emergency procedures and carry a fully charged cell phone for communication. If possible, let someone know about your plans and estimated return time.
10. Follow all trail rules and regulations: Observe any posted signs, speed limits, and trail etiquette. Respect private property boundaries and be considerate of other trail users.
Remember, safety is paramount when enjoying outdoor activities. By following these guidelines, you can have a safe and enjoyable experience on the Tunnel Hill State Trail.
Conservation Notes
The Tunnel Hill State Trail, located in southern Illinois, is a significant conservation area that plays a crucial role in preserving the region’s natural heritage. As a former railroad corridor, this 45-mile long trail now serves as a vital habitat for a diverse range of plant and animal species. The conservation status of the Tunnel Hill State Trail is considered to be of high importance due to its contribution to the protection and restoration of local ecosystems.
The trail traverses through various types of habitats, including forests, wetlands, and grasslands, providing a home to numerous native species. These habitats support a rich biodiversity, with several rare and endangered species finding refuge within the trail’s boundaries. The conservation efforts on the Tunnel Hill State Trail focus on maintaining and enhancing these habitats to ensure the survival and well-being of these vulnerable species.
Conservation initiatives on the trail involve habitat restoration, invasive species management, and the promotion of native plant species. By removing invasive plants and reintroducing native vegetation, the trail managers aim to create a more balanced and resilient ecosystem. Additionally, efforts are made to protect and enhance wetland areas along the trail, as they serve as critical breeding grounds for amphibians and provide essential habitat for migratory birds.
The conservation status of the Tunnel Hill State Trail is closely monitored through regular surveys and assessments of the flora and fauna present within its boundaries. These studies help identify any changes or threats to the ecosystem, allowing for timely intervention and management strategies. The trail’s conservation status is a testament to the ongoing commitment to preserve and protect the natural heritage of southern Illinois, ensuring that future generations can continue to enjoy the beauty and biodiversity of this unique area.